Thorvaldsen Among Slavs
- Margrethe Floryan, arkivet.thorvaldsensmuseum.dk, 2001
This is a re-publication of the article:
Margrethe Floryan: ‘Thorvaldsen among Slavs’, in: Meddelelser fra Thorvaldsens Museum (Communications from the Thorvaldsens Museum) p. 2001, p. 154-178.
For a presentation of the article in its original appearance in Danish, please see this facsimile scan.
Summary
With Thorvaldsen among Slavs (30.1.-2.9.2001), Thorvaldsens Museum focused for the first time in an exhibition on Thorvaldsen’s many, close and prolonged contacts with Russia and Poland. From 1803 and for the following almost thirty years, he received commissions from leading Russian patrons of the arts, culminating in 1820 with Czar Alexander I. From 1812 to 1835, he also worked on a series of commissions from Poland.
Seen in the light of the fact that the two countries were old enemies, that for long periods in the 18th and 19th centuries the Russians enjoyed suzerainty in Poland, and that the political and social visions in the two countries were so different, the subject encompasses many political fields of tension. The exhibition was not intended to throw new light on Thorvaldsen’s working methods or his artistic means of expression, but thanks to the written sources emerging while the work was in progress, including material from Russian archives, our knowledge has been supplemented in other respects. The exhibition also provided an occasion for bringing out for display a number of artifacts that for generations have been hidden away in stores to the benefit of other artifacts and thus other stories concerning Thorvaldsen. The permanent collections contain a huge potential as soon as new angles on the materials are introduced. And if we wish to delve further into Thorvaldsen’s European worlds, the written sources seem to be such an obvious area for a far more thorough examination and evaluation than has so far been the case. There are still new discoveries to be made.
Thorvaldsen’s Slav network brings other worlds into play than those we encounter in the customary Danish Golden Age focus on the Copenhagen-Rome axis. It touches on aspects of the history of our European culture and mentality which – due to political constellations – have long been omitted from our common history.
References
Katalog
Udstillingen havde tre afsnit:
1. om det historisk-geografiske område,
2. Thorvaldsens russiske bestillinger og eksempler på værker af hans russiske kunstnerkolleger,
3. Thorvaldsen og hans polske forbindelser.
En del af udstillingens værker og genstande udstilledes for første gang. Alle de på udstillingen viste værker og genstande tilhører Thorvaldsens Museum.
Hvor ikke andet er anført, er værket udført af Thorvaldsen.
1. Zaren/The Tsar
Zar Aleksander I, marmor/
Tsar Alexander I, marble
1821, A883
Brev fra Thorvaldsen til zar Aleksander 1, dateret den 24. maj 1822/Letter from Thorvaldsen to Tsar Alexander I, dated May 24th 1822 Brevudkastet tilhører Thorvaldsens Museum. Det afsendte brev tilhører Det russiske Indenrigsministeriums arkiv i Moskva.
Vladimirordenens ridderkors med bånd/
The Vladimir Order
N25
Ukendt/Anonymous
Portræt af grev Kapodistrias, radering/
Portrait of Count Kapodistrias, etching
1816, E2201
Orest Adamovitj Kiprenskij (1773-1836)
Portræt af en armensk præst, olie på
lærred/Portrait of an Armenian Priest, oil on canvas
Udateret/undated, B175
Ukendt/Anonymous
Hetman, grev Platov med sine kosakker,
kalmykker og tatarer, radering/The Hetman, Count
Platov with his Cossacks, Kalmucks and Tatars, etching
1813, E2246
»Guide du voyageur en Pologne«, Guidebog til
Polen udgivet anonymt i Warszawa i 1820
M650
2. Fyrstinderne/The Princesses
Apollinarij Hilarjevitj Horavski (1833-1900)
Portræt af Thorvaldsen. Kopi efter
O. A. Kiprenskijs portræt af Thorvaldsen, (1833),
tilh. Det Russiske Museum, olie på lærred/Portrait
of Thorvaldsen. Copy after portrait by Kiprenski, oil on
canvas
1852, B441
Ukendt / Anonymous
Portræt af Orest Adamovitj Kiprenskij, litografi/
Portrait of Orest Adamovich Kiprenski, litograph
1828, E2202
Storfyrstinde Helene, gips/
Grand Duchess Helena, plaster
1829, A247
Franz Seraph Hanfstaengl (1804-1877)
Portræt i trekvart profil af storfyrstinde Helene,
litografi/Portrait of Grand Duchess Helena, litograph
1829, E2204
Regnskabsblad fra Thorvaldsens regnskaber,
dateret 5. september 1829/Account sheet from
Thorvaldsen’s studio, dated September 5th 1829
Fyrstinde Maria Fjodorovna Barjatinskaja, gips/
Princess Maria Fyodorovna Baryatinskaya, plaster
1818, A250
Kontrakt vedrørende portrætstatue af fyrstinde
Maria Fjodorovna Barjatinskaja. Underskrevet
af fyrst Barjatinskij og Thorvaldsen, 4. august
1818 i Rom/Contract concerning the portrait statue of
Princess Baryatinskaya
Brev fra grevinde Jelizaveta Aleksejevna
Osterman-Tolstaja til Thorvaldsen dateret 9.
oktober 1815 i Paris/Letter from Countess Osterman-
Tolstaja to Thorvaldsen, dated October 9th 1813
Siddende dame, gips/ Seated Lady, plaster
Ca. 1815-1819, A168
3. Guder og gudinder/Gods and Goddesses
Brev fra Thorvaldsen til grevinde Irina Ivanovna
Vorontsova, dateret 7. maj 1804 i Rom/Letter from
Thorvaldsen to Countess Irina Ivanovna Vorontsova,
dated May 7th 1804 in Rome
Udkast til diverse statuer og grupper, blyant,
blæk og sortkridt/Sketches for various statues and
groups, pencil, ink and chalk
Ca. 1801-1817, C13
Udkast til Ganymedes, blæk og lavering/
Sketch for Ganymede, ink and wash
Ca. 1803-04, C805
Udkast til Amor og Psyche, blyant/
Sketch for Cupid and Psyche, pencil
Ca. 1800-1807, C43
Udkast til flere motiver, herunder Amor og
Psyche-gruppen, Bacchus-statuen og relieffet
Amor klager sig til Venus over et bistik,
sortkridt/Sketches for various motifs, including Cupid
and Psyche and for Bacchus, chalk
Ca. 1800-1807, C46 & C49
Udkast til Venus og Amor og til Paris og de tre
gudinder, blyant/Sketches for Venus and Cupid and
for Paris and the Three Goddesses, pencil
Ca. 1804-1805, C63
Udkast til Venus, blyant/Sketch for Venus, pencil
Ca. 1816, C224
Udkast til Ganymedes og andre motiver, blyant
og sortkridt/Sketch for Ganymede, pencil and chalk
Ca. 1803, C57
Amor og Psyche, blyant/Cupid and Psyche, pencil
Ca. 1800-07, C45
Bacchus, blyant/Bacchus, pencil
Udateret/undated, C710
Udkast til Amor og Psyche og til Ganymedes,
blyant, sortkridt og blæk /Sketches for Cupid and
Psyche and for Ganymede, pencil, chalk and ink
Ca. 1797-1800, C160
Venus, marmor/Venus, marble
1830s, A916
4. Mellem øst og vest/ Between East and West
Priamus bønfalder Achilles om Hektors lig,
sortkridt/Priam Pleads with Achilles for Hector’s
Body, chalk
Ca. 1811-13, C163
Priamus bønfalder Achilles om Hektors lig,
sortkridt/Priam Pleads with Achilles for Hector’s
Body, chalk
Ca. 1815, C161
Fjodor Ivanovitj
Priamos bønfalder Achilles om Hektors lig,
blyant, sepia og hvid farve/Priam Pleads with
Achilles for Hector’s Body, pencil, sepia and white colour
1790erne/1790s, D794
Fjodor Ivanovitj
Merkur fører Pandora til Epimetheus, tusch/
Mercury Leading Pandora to Epimetheus, China ink
1790erne/1790s, D789
Fjodor Ivanovitj
Helena på muren stående over for Priamos,
tusch/Helena and Priam, China ink
1790erne/1790s, D792
Fjodor Ivanovitj
Ajax trækker Kassandra bort fra Athenas
Billedstøtte, tusch/Ajax Pulling Cassandra away
from the Altar Devoted to Athene, China ink
1790erne/1790s, D795
Fjodor Ivanovitj
Aleksander den Store i samtale med Diogenes,
blyant og blæk /Alexander the Great and Diogenes,
pencil and ink
1790erne/1790s, D796
Fjodor Ivanovitj
Joseph i fængslet, tusch/Joseph in Prison, China ink
1790erne/1790s, D797
5. Frihedshelten/The National Hero
Kamp mellem amazone og kriger, blyant og
kulstift/Fighting Amazon and Warrior, pencil and
charcoal
Ca. 1810-13, C108
Udkast til rytterstatuen af fyrst Józef Poniatowski,
blyant og blæk /Sketch for the Equestrian
Statue of Prince Józef Poniatowski, pencil and ink
Ca. 1818, C259
Ukendt/Anonymous
Fyrst Józef Poniatowski til hest, litografi/
Prince Józef Poniatowski on Horseback, lithograph
Udateret/undated, E35
Ukendt/Anonymous
Konturtegning efter modelleret udkast til
Poniatowski-monumentet, blyant/
Drawing Representing the Model for the Poniatowski
Monument, pencil
Ca. 1827, D1533
Ukendt /Anonymous
Skitse til samling af gipsmodellen til
Poniatowski-monumentet, blyant og blæk/
Instruction for the Mounting of the Poniatowski
Monument, pencil and ink
1829, D1534
Ukendt/Anonymous
Udkast til sokkel til Poniatowski-monumentet,
blæk og lavering/Sketch for the Pedestal for the
Poniatowski Monument, ink and wash
Ca. 1830, D1536
Ukendt/Anonymous
Plan af soklen til Poniatowski-monumentet,
blyant og blæk/Drawing of the Pedestal for the
Poniatowski Monument, pencil and ink
Ca. 1832, D1535
Ukendt/Anonymous
Prospekt visende den planlagte opstilling af
Poniatowski-monumentet på Krasinski-pladsen i
Warszawa, kopi efter en farvelagt tegning til-
hørende Det historiske Museum i Warszawa,
MHW 1470/View Showing the Planned Mounting of
the Poniatowski Monument on the Krasihski Square in
Warsaw
Ca. 1817
Ukendt/Anonymous
Thorvaldsens rytterstatue af Józef Poniatowski
ved godset Homel, fotografi /Thorvaldsen’s Statue of
Józef Poniatowski at the Homel Estate, photograph
Før/Before 1893, u.inv.nr.
Alexandre Okolicsanyi d’Okolocsna
Thorvaldsens rytterstatue af Józef Poniatowski
ved godset Homel, akvarel/Thorvaldsen ’s Statue of
Józef Poniatowski at the Homel Estate, watercolour
1883, D1851
Ukendt/ Anonymous
Relief forestillende fyrst Poniatowski, gips/
Relief Representing Prince Poniatowski, plaster
Udateret/Undated, G252
Michal Stachowicz (1768-1825)
Fyrst Józef Poniatowski til hest, blyant, blæk og
lavering/Prince Józef Poniatowski on Horseback,
pencil, ink and wash
1818, D1537
Friedrich John (1769-1843)
Fyrst Józef Poniatowski, kobberstik/
Prince Józef Poniatowski, engraving
Ca. 1810, E636
Amelia Kalter (1800-tallets første halvdel)
Fyrst Józef Poniatowski, litografi/
Prince Józef Poniatowski, lithograph
Efter/After 1818, u.inv.nr.
Antoni Brodowski (1784-1832)
Portræt af fyrst Józef Poniatowski, sortkridt for-
højet med hvidt/Portrait ofPrince Józef Poniatowski,
chalk heightened with white
Ca. 1809, D920
6. Mindet/Memorials
Udkast til gravmæle over fyrstinde Helena
Ponińskas søn Władysław og datteren Helena,
blyant på papir/Sketch for the Monument Devoted to
Princess Helena Ponińska’s Late Son and Daughter,
pencil
1834-1835, C166
Gravmæle over fyrstinde Helena Poninskas søn
Władyslaw og datteren Helena. Gipsafstøbning
udført 1995 efter marmorudgaven, som nu er på
Kunstmuseet i Lviv i Ukraine/Monument to Princess
Helena Poninska’s Late Son Władysław and Her
Daughter Helena. Plaster cast executed in 1993 on the
Basis of the Marble Monument, now in the Art
Museum of Lviv in Ukraine.
A917
Fyrstinde Helena Ponińskas breve til
Thorvaldsen vedrørende bestillingen på grav-
mælet/Letters from Princess Helena Poninska to
Thorvaldsen Concerning the Monument.
1834-1835
7. Til hæder og ære/Honour and Glory
Grevinde Anna Potocka, gips/
Countess Anna Potocka, plaster
Ca. 1814-16 eller 1820, A251
Brev fra grevinde Anna Potocka til Thorvaldsen,
dateret 6. april 1816 i Warszawa/Letter from
Countess Anna Potocka to Thorvaldsen, dated April 6th
1816 in Warsaw
Udkast til Włodzimierz Potocki-monumentet,
blyant/Proposal for the Monument Devoted to Count
Włodzimierz Potocki, pencil
Ca. 1816, D1591
Anna Potocka >Grevinde Potockas Memoirer
1774-1820The Memoirs of Countess Anna Potocka 1774-1820,
published in Danish in 1919
Udkast til sokkel til monument for grev Artur
Potocki, blyant og blæk/Sketch for the Pedestal for
the Monument Devoted to Count Artur Potocki, pencil
and ink
Ca. 1832, C433b
Peter von Nobile (1774-1854)
Potocki-familiens gravkapel i katedralen på
Wawel i Kraków, blyant og blæk/
Potocki Chapel in the Cathedral on Wawel in Cracow,
pencil and ink
Ca. 1832, D1518
J. Schorn (1800-tallets første halvdel)
Portræt af grev Włodzimierz Potocki, gouache/
Portrait of Count Włodzimierz Potocki, gouache
Før 1809/ Before 1809, B446
Grev Włodzimierz Potockis dødsmaske, gips/
Count Włodzimierz Potocki’s death mask, plaster
L658
Ukendt/Anonymous
Efter Thorvaldsens statue af grev Włodzimierz
Potocki, litografi/After Thorvaldsen’s Statue
Representing Count Włodzimierz Potocki, litograph
1830erne/1830s, E86
Udkast til monument for grev Włodzimierz
Potocki, blyant/Sketch for the Monument Devoted to
Count Włodzimierz Potocki, pencil
Ca.1822, C223
Udkast til sokkel til Włodzimierz Potocki-
monumentet, blyant, blæk og lavering/
Sketch for the Pedestal for the Monument Devoted to
Count Włodzimierz Potocki, pencil, ink and wash
Ca. 1830-31, C226
8.National identitet/National Identity
Nikolaus Kopernikus, orginalmodel, gips/
Sketch Model for Nicolaus Copernicus, plaster
1821, A858
Ukendt/Anonymous
Portræt af Nikolaus Kopernikus, blyant og blæk/
Portrait of Nicolaus Copernicus, pencil and ink
Udateret/Undated, D1519
Kontrakten på Kopernikus-monumentet,
dateret 30. september 1820 i Warszawa/
Contract Concerning the Copernicus Monument, signed
September 30th 1820 in Warsaw
Leonardo Carnia
Nikolaus Kopernikus, sortkridt og tusch/
Nicolaus Copernicus, chalk and China ink
Udateret/Undated, D97
Udkast til Kopernikus-monumentet og til
Włodzimierz Potocki-monumentet, blyant/
Sketches for the Copernicus Monument and for the
Włodzimierz Potocki Monument, pencil
Ca. 1820-21, C255
Diverse udkast, bl.a. til karyatiderne, blyant/
Various Sketches, e.g. the Caryatids, pencil
Ca. 1812, C115
Noter
Tak til Hans Kristian Mikkelsen, fagreferent ved Det Kgl. Bibliotek, for hjælp i f.m. oversættelse af Pusjkins digt. Tak til min mand for hjælp i forbindelse med oversættelse af Waleks digt. De øvrige citater har jeg selv oversat. Tak til museumsinspektør Vivi Jensen, Museet på Koldinghus, for at have gjort mig opmærksom på Janusz Waleks digtning.
Last updated 12.10.2018